The beauty of nude is geometrical 1 /Cranach and Seurat

.

The most widely used motif throughout history may be a nude figure.
Why can we recognise by sight who painted the masterpieces of a nude?
Nudes by Seurat and Cranach can be easily distinguished.
Looking at a shape is looking it geometrically.
The circle-cross model should give us some clue.

                                                        Cranach [Venus]

                               Cranach [venus]  circle-cross model
Black diagonals indicate the center of the picture.
The red circle surrounding the lower belly and two largest blue circles pass through the center.
The largest blue circles and the second largest green circles form the basic structure.
The red circles are concentrated on the upper body and lower legs and
many of them are bundled together.
Three straight lines are made of lined units.

I deviced a new model made of arc model and scaled circles.

    Cranach [Venus]  body- proportion- circles model
I have written that "Arc is atom of art."
The technique is allways deviced using circles that is the extension of the arcs.

This picture uses five circles that look different in size.
All arcs are part of a circle, so the curvatuor is the same.
The long loose arc means that the circle of the arc is large comparing to the nude.
The nude has a plump part and a thin part.
This is because each part is made of different sized circle.
The largest blue circles form the long thighs.
The second largest blue circles form the arms, upper right thigh and the hind parts of lower legs.

The red circle is most useful to make unique shape of the nude.
The size is one fifth of the body height.
Chained arcs of the same size is very effective; the left arm and right knee are made of four red arcs.

I made body-proportion-circles model of the standing nude in the center of Seurat's [Model].

 

Seurat [Model]  body-proprtioned circles model

The standing figure in the [Model] can be made of only three circles.
As the smallest circles are only used for the shoulders,
it can be said that it is almost made up of two kinds of circles.
The largest purple circles have larger ratio to the body than the largest circles in [Venus].
The red circle is half the body, creating a smart figure.

It is clear that the ratio of the circles determins the character of nude.

 

 

Identification of Sharaku and Hokusai on deep structural level

                            Shunro(Hokusai) [Sumo-e (Kimenzan and Dewanoumi)]　arc model

This sumo-e made me convince that Sharaku is Hokusai.
When I finished [Who is Sharaku?] I had not discovered more advanced  model.
As I found another digital image for the sumo-e, I made circlecross model.

                  Shunro(Hokusai) [Sumo-e] circle-cross model

The model reveals why the paiting looks as solid as netsuke sculpture.

Extending each arc, I made circles.
Each circle with the horizontal and vertical diameters forms a unit (circle-cross unit).
Of the largest blue circles, I made the basic three circles in  sky blue.
The three units are on the same vertical line.
The top light blue circle that makes the left shoulder of the back wrestler passes the center of the picture.
The red unit and green unit are placed on the vertical line.

Moving the middle blue-unit to the right,it overlaps the unit that makes the left thigh of the back wrestler.

It is clear that this picture is made systematically.

For comparison, I chose early Sharaku: [iwai Hansiro].

               Sharaku [Iwai Hansiro] circle-cross model

There are five distinctive vertical lines.
Looking from the left,
the first vertical line is made by
the unit of the third sheet of four layer collar on the left and
the unit of the second sheet of of the four-layer collar on the right.
On this line smaller red unit is placed.

The second vertical line passes through the left eye.
The top blue unit makes the top part of the comb and
the bottom unit makes the first layer of the right collar.


On the third vertical line,
there are one dark red unit that makes the foehead and
blue unit that makes right　shoulder.
Another red unit makes right cuff.

The fourth vertical line passes through the center of the picture.
The top pinked unit makes the right cheek and
the second pinked unit makes the first layer of the left collar.

The fifth vertical line is made of three red units.
The top unit makes a line of hair.
The second unit makes the line between the collar and the sleeve.
The third unit makes the right sleeve.

The top part of the picture reminds me of the circle-pivot model of [osiokurihatoutuusen-no-zu].
There are two similar techniques .
Firstly the comb is made of four different circles,
and the ship is also made of four different circles,
Secondly the hair waves are made of bundled circles of the same size.

　　Souri(Hokusai) "osiokurihatoutuusen-no-zu [Fast Cargo Boat Battling The Waves] "

There is no art theory without studying individual artworks structurally.